After Queen Elizabeth I died in 1603, English
Catholics who had been persecuted under her rule had hoped that her successor,
James I, would be more tolerant of their religion. James I had, after all, had
a Catholic mother. Unfortunately, James did not turn out to be more tolerant
than Elizabeth and a number of young men, 13 to be exact, decided that violent
action was the answer.
A small group took shape, under the leadership of
Robert Catesby. Catesby felt that violent action was warranted. Indeed, the
thing to do was to blow up the Houses of Parliament. In doing so, they would
kill the King, maybe even the Prince of Wales, and the Members of Parliament
who were making life difficult for the Catholics. Today these conspirators
would be known as extremists, or terrorists. To carry out their plan, the conspirators got hold of
36 barrels of gunpowder - and stored them in a cellar, just under the House of
Lords. But as the group worked on the plot, it became clear
that innocent people would…